115 lines
4.0 KiB
Bash
Executable File
115 lines
4.0 KiB
Bash
Executable File
#!/bin/bash
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# 功能：精简Ubuntu 24.04启动时间，禁用不必要服务和优化系统设置
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# 使用方法：sudo bash optimize_boot_speed.sh
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# 检查是否以root权限运行
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if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "错误：请使用root权限运行此脚本（sudo bash $0）" >&2
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exit 1
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fi
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# 备份重要配置
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backup_configs() {
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echo "正在备份系统配置..."
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mkdir -p /var/backups/boot-optimization
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cp -n /etc/fstab /var/backups/boot-optimization/
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systemctl list-unit-files --type=service --state=enabled > /var/backups/boot-optimization/enabled_services_before.txt
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}
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# 禁用不必要的系统服务
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disable_unneeded_services() {
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echo "正在禁用不必要的系统服务..."
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# 定义要禁用的服务列表（根据服务器用途调整）
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local services=(
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" ModemManager" # 调制解调器管理（服务器通常不需要）
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" avahi-daemon" # 零配置网络（本地网络发现，服务器一般不需要）
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" bluetooth" # 蓝牙服务
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" cups" # 打印机服务
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" cups-browsed" # 打印机浏览服务
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" speech-dispatcher" # 语音合成服务
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" whoopsie" # 错误报告服务
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" apport" # 崩溃报告服务
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" apport-autoreport" # 自动崩溃报告
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" pppd-dns" # PPP DNS服务（拨号上网用）
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" remote-fs.target" # 远程文件系统自动挂载
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" plymouth-quit-wait" # 启动动画等待（CLI环境无用）
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" plymouth-start" # 启动动画（CLI环境无用）
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)
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# 禁用服务
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for service in "${services[@]}"; do
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service=$(echo "$service" | xargs) # 去除空格
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if systemctl is-enabled --quiet "$service"; then
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echo "禁用服务: $service"
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systemctl disable --now "$service" >/dev/null 2>&1
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fi
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done
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}
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# 优化系统启动参数
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optimize_grub() {
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echo "正在优化GRUB启动参数..."
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# 备份GRUB配置
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cp -n /etc/default/grub /var/backups/boot-optimization/grub.bak
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# 添加启动优化参数
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sed -i 's/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash fastboot noresume /' /etc/default/grub
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sed -i 's/^GRUB_TIMEOUT=[0-9]*/GRUB_TIMEOUT=2/' /etc/default/grub # 减少GRUB等待时间
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# 更新GRUB配置
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update-grub >/dev/null 2>&1
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}
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# 优化系统服务并行启动
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optimize_parallel_boot() {
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echo "正在优化服务并行启动..."
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# 启用服务并行启动
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if ! grep -q "DefaultDependencies=no" /etc/systemd/system.conf; then
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echo "DefaultDependencies=no" >> /etc/systemd/system.conf
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fi
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# 减少超时时间
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sed -i 's/^#DefaultTimeoutStartSec=.*/DefaultTimeoutStartSec=10s/' /etc/systemd/system.conf
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sed -i 's/^#DefaultTimeoutStopSec=.*/DefaultTimeoutStopSec=5s/' /etc/systemd/system.conf
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# 重新加载systemd配置
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systemctl daemon-reload
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}
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# 清理不需要的启动项
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cleanup_startup() {
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echo "正在清理不必要的启动项..."
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# 清理残留的旧内核（保留最新2个）
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echo "清理旧内核..."
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dpkg -l 'linux-image-*' | grep '^ii' | sort -V | head -n -2 | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -r apt purge -y >/dev/null 2>&1
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# 清理APT缓存
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apt clean >/dev/null 2>&1
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apt autoremove -y >/dev/null 2>&1
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}
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# 显示优化结果
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show_results() {
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echo -e "\n优化完成！以下是主要变更："
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echo "1. 禁用了不必要的系统服务"
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echo "2. 优化了GRUB启动参数，等待时间设为2秒"
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echo "3. 启用服务并行启动，缩短超时时间"
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echo "4. 清理了旧内核和系统缓存"
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echo -e "\n建议重启系统以应用所有更改：sudo reboot"
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echo -e "\n重启后可使用以下命令查看启动时间统计："
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echo " systemd-analyze"
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echo " systemd-analyze blame | head -n 10"
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}
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# 主流程执行
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backup_configs
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disable_unneeded_services
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optimize_grub
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optimize_parallel_boot
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cleanup_startup
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show_results
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